The disposition kinetics of levofloxacin was investigated
in six male crossbred calves following single intravenous
administration, at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight, into the
jugular vein subsequent to a single intramuscular injection
of paracetamol (50 mg/kg). At 1 min after the injection
of levofloxacin, the concentration of levofloxacin in
plasma was 17.2 ¡¾ 0.36 ¥ìg/ml, which rapidly declined to
6.39 ¡¾ 0.16 ¥ìg/ml at 10 min. The drug level above the
MIC90 in plasma, was detected for up to 10 h. Levofloxacin
was rapidly distributed from blood to the tissue compartment
as evidenced by the high values of the distribution
coefficient, ¥á (17.3 ¡¾ 1.65 /h) and the ratio of K12/K21 (1.83
¡¾ 0.12). The values of AUC and Vdarea were 12.7 ¡¾ 0.12
¥ìg.h/ml and 0.63 ¡¾ 0.01 l/kg. The high ratio of the AUC/
MIC (126.9 ¡¾ 1.18) obtained in this study indicated the excellent
antibacterial activity of levofloxacin in calves. The
elimination half-life, MRT and total body clearance were
1.38 ¡¾ 0.01 h, 1.88 ¡¾ 0.01 h and 0.32 ¡¾ 0.003 l/kg/h, respectively.
Based on the pharmacokinetic parameters, an appropriate
intravenous dosage regimen for levofloxacin
would be 5 mg/kg repeated at 24 h intervals when prescribed
with paracetamol in calves.